Unit Test International Trade in the Modern World

Name: _______________________ Date: _______________________ 100 100 BBB4M1 – Unit 2 Test International Trade in the Modern World Part A: True and False (15 Marks) / 15 Answer the following questions with true (T) or false (F). Correct the false statements T T 1.___ T T Positive effects of globalization include: improved human rights, increased productivity, and innovation. 2.___ F F Trade agreements are beneficial because they eliminate trade barriers and encourage foreign investment. 3.___ The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) is advantageous for Canada because manufacturing jobs have been sent to Mexico where labour is cheaper. T T T – Losing manufacturing jobs to Mexico,†¦show more content†¦The ________________ is responsible for providing loans for economic development and infrastructure development in developing countries: m) The World Bank n) The Marshall Plan o) The International Monetary Fund p) The General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs 5. The ________________ provided financial aid, from the US, to European countries struggling to survive economically after World War II: q) The World Bank r) The Marshall Plan s) The International Monetary Fund t) The General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs 6. The ________________ establishes economic policies and rights that should be ensured for everyone in the world: u) The Universal Declaration of Human Rights v) The Marshall Plan w) The World Trade Organization x) The General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs 7. The ________________ establishes the largest free trade area in the world: y) The European Union (EU) z) The Asia-Pacific Economic Co-operation (APEC) {) The United Nations (UN) |) The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) 8. A trade agreement between two countries is called: }) Multilateral ~) Bilateral ) Unilateral ) Quadrilateral 9. 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Provision of funds is a key area to address because it would help return the agriculture in Nigeria to its place of pride and introduce modern practices and system. Ogbanje et al., ( 2010) defined the lack of capital as the major sustenance of the vicious

The Conflict in Darfur and United States Involvement

The conflict in Darfur refers to the fighting that is happening in the western region of Sudan known as Darfur. These fights have been taking place since 2003 and have continued to today. Similarities can be made to the Rwandan Genocide; there is a government funded and armed militia that is not officially supported by the government that is killing a local population. The citizens of the region of Darfur that are being killed are not Arabic, like the majority of the rest of Sudan is, however, they are more similar in culture and other aspects to the citizens of South Sudan, Sudan’s neighboring country to the south with which Sudan has had multiple wars with. Despite the fact that there is a militia that is killing citizens, there are also other militias that are fighting for the Darfuri people. These two sides have been fighting each other for close to ten years. Even though citizens of a certain group are being targeted by a militia, the conflict in Darfur is not a genocide. The United States should not get involved militarily in this conflict because it is only a conflict and not a genocide. It is a war between two groups over disputes between these groups. Instead, the United States should use diplomacy to help end the conflict happening in Darfur. A genocide is the systematic attempt to eliminate a group of people based on race, religion, ethnicity, or other defining group characteristic. This should not be misconstrued with a war between two groups where each group isShow MoreRelatedSudanese Government And State Sponsored Militia Carried Out The Darfur1641 Words   |  7 Pages Darfur is located in the western region of Sudan, adjacent to Chad and Central Africa. In early 2004, the Sudanese government and state sponsored militia carried out the Darfur genocide. The targets of the genocide were black African tribes. The genocide in Darfur has claimed approximately 300,000 lives and displaced over 3 million people. In response to these mass atrocities the international community took action, but many were dissatisfied with what seemed to be a lack of effort. Of the groupsRead MoreGenocides Past and Present Essay1298 Words   |  6 Pageswhere Hitler exterminated over six million Jews based on his anti-semitic views. Elie Wiesel, a Jewish author, has become a very influential man in educating the world of the true events of the Holocaust due to his involvement in the disaster. Presently, a genocide is occurring in the Darfur region of southern Sudan, in which according to Cheryl Goldmark, â€Å"a systematic slaughter of non-Arab residents at the the hands of Arab militiamen called Janjaweed† has been taking place since 2003. (1) Not onlyRead MoreThe United Nations Is An International Organization Created After World War II1738 Words   |  7 PagesThe United Nations is an international organization created after World War II. 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Domestic Violence Speech Free Essays

Domestic Violence Against Women Introduction On May 2, 1982, Michael Connell visited his estranged wife Karen and their son Ward. Karen and Michael had been separated for more than a year but were seeing each other. A friend of Ward’s also visiting and the four of them were going on a picnic. We will write a custom essay sample on Domestic Violence Speech or any similar topic only for you Order Now They never made it. At around noon, Karen staggered from the house, bleeding profusely from the neck. She collapsed into a neighbor’s arms, gasping that her husband had stabbed her and was still in the house with their 5 year-old son and his friend. The South Pasadena Police arrived on the scene to investigate. After several attempts to make contact with Michael or the children failed, they contacted the L. A. Sherriff’s SWAT team. The SWAT team, using a bullhorn, requested anyone inside the house come out. Two boys walked out of the house with their hands up, pleading, â€Å"Don’t shoot; we’re the good guys. † The SWAT team forced entry into the house at about 3:00. They found a man lying on the bathroom floor. He had massive slash wounds to his neck area and a stab wound to his chest. The wounds were self-inflicted. Michael Ward Connell was dead. At the same time, Karen was undergoing an operation at Huntington Memorial Hospital. She had lost seven pints of blood, and her vocal cords had been severed. Her young son Ward had saved her life by jumping on his father’s back and hitting them, screaming, â€Å"Don’t hurt my Mom! † The coroner’s report stated, â€Å"Decedent apparently had marital problems with his wife for quite some time. † Karen and Ward had been residents of Haven House, a refuge for battered women and their children. The Story that Shocked the Country At 12:05 a. m. n June 13, 1994, Nicole Brown and Ronald Goldman were found with their throats slit and heads partially decapitated outside Brown’s Bundy Drive condominium in the Brentwood area of Los Angeles, California. Her two children, Sydney (age 8) and Justin (age 5), were asleep inside in an upstairs bedroom. O. J. Simpson and Nicole Brown Simpson had divorced two years earlier. Evidenc e found and collected at the scene led police to suspect that O. J. Simpson was the murderer. Nicole had been stabbed multiple times through the throat to the point of near decapitation; her vertebrae were almost severed. Simpson was arrested and charged with the double murders. Three days later Simpson was arraigned and pleaded not guilty to both murders. During the trial prosecutors argued that Simpson killed his ex-wife in a jealous rage. The prosecutors opened it case by playing a 9-1-1 tape of Nicole Brown Simpson expressing fear that Simpson would physically harm her. The prosecuting spent the opening weeks of trial presenting evidence that Simpson had a history of physically abusing Nicole. However, after nine months of lengthy testifying and cross examinations O. J. Simpson was acquitted. The drama and tragedy of woman abuse will touch most of us, at some time in our lives, in a very personal way. This could happen directly as a result of our own intimate relationships with lovers or through the experience of some family members and or friends. Whether or not we have been raised in an abusive family environment, we are almost certainly going to have close contact with, and be affected by, someone who has. Domestic violence is on the rise in most countries around the world. Domestic violence is perpetrated against women in most cases. Every 15 seconds a woman is battered. Two to four million are abused each year and 4,000 of them die. Every 45 seconds someone in the United States is sexually assaulted. Domestic violence can be easily distinguished as being a disease which spreads rapidly and occurs in all religious groups, all races, relationships and to people of all ages. The roots to domestic violence lie in the soil of the patriarchal family. The belief that wives are the possessions of a male â€Å"head of household† who should control the behavior of all other family members is deeply embedded in social traditions. You may say to yourself this type of crime could never happen to me. To help determine if you have been a victim unaware let’s define domestic violence or sometimes called intimate partner violence (IPV) to determine if you or someone you know or love has ever been a victim of domestic violence. Domestic violence as defined by The U. S. Office on Violence Against Women (OVW) is a â€Å"pattern of abusive behavior in any relationship that is used by one partner to gain or maintain power and control over another intimate partner. The definition adds that domestic violence â€Å"can happen to anyone regardless of race, age, sexual orientation, religion, or gender†, and that it takes many forms, including physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional or psychological abuse, and verbal abuse. Type of abuse To gain a better understanding of these different types of forms that abuse may have let’s characterize the most common ones in detail: Physical abuse is abuse involving contact intended to cause feelings of intimidation, pain, injury or other physical suffering or bodily harm. It often includes hitting, kicking, biting, shoving, restraining, slapping, punching, choking, and other types of contact that will result in physical injury to the victim. Physical abuse can also include behaviors such as denying the victim of medical care when needed, depriving the victim of sleep or other functions necessary to live, or forcing the victim to engage in drug/alcohol against her will. Sexual abuse is any situation in which force is used to obtain participation in unwanted, unsafe, or degrading sexual activity constitutes sexual abuse. Forced sex, even by a spouse or intimate partner with whom consensual sex has occurred, is an act of aggression and violence. The National Coalition Against Domestic Violence reports that between one-third and one-half of all battered women are raped by their partners at least once during the relationship. Furthermore, women whose partners abuse them physically and sexually are at a higher risk of being seriously injured or killed. Emotional abuse is defined as any behavior that threatens, intimidates, undermines the victim’s self-worth or self-esteem, or controls the victim’s freedom. This can include threatening the victim with injury or harm, telling the victim that they will be killed if they ever leave the relationship, and public humiliation. Constant criticism, name-calling, and making statements that damage the victim’s self-esteem are also common forms of emotional abuse. Often perpetrators will use children to engage in emotional abuse by teaching them to harshly criticize the victim as well. Emotional abuse includes conflicting actions or statements which are designed to confuse and create insecurity in the victim. These behaviors also lead the victim to questions themselves, causing them to believe that they are making up the abuse or that the abuse is their fault. Emotional abuse can include humiliating the victim privately or publicly, controlling what the victim can and cannot do, withholding information from the victim, deliberately doing something to make the victim feel diminished or embarrassed, isolating the victim from friends and family, implicitly blackmailing the victim by harming others when the victim expresses independence or happiness, or denying the victim access to money or other basic resources and necessities. Verbal abuse is a form of abusive behavior involving the use of language; it is a form of profanity that can occur with or without the use of expletives. Abuses can ignore, ridicule, disrespect, and criticize others consistently, manipulate words, falsely accuse, make others feel unwanted and unloved, threaten economically, isolate victims from support systems, demonstrate Jekyll and Hyde behaviors, either in terms of sudden rages or behavioral changes, or where there is a very different â€Å"face† shown to the outside world verses with victim. Why does she stay? People who have never been in an abusive relationship may wonder,† Why doesn’t she just leave? † There are many reasons why a woman may not leave an abusive relationship. She may have little or no money and have way to support herself or her children. She may reach out for help and find that all the local domestic violence shelters are full. She may not be able to contact friends and family who could help her. Or she may worry about the safety of herself and her children if she leaves. But if she does leave, victims often lack specialized skills, education, and training that are necessary to find gainful employment. In 2003, thirty-six US cities cited domestic violence as one of the primary causes of homelessness in their areas. It is also reported the one out of every three homeless women are homeless due to having a domestic violence relationship. Laws and Regulations Education concerning domestic violence has come a long way, but it still has a ways to go. The response to domestic violence is typically a combined effort between law enforcement, social services, and health care. The role of each has evolved as domestic violence has been brought more into public view. Domestic violence historically has been viewed as a private family matter that need not involve the government or criminal justice. First passed in 1994, the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) made domestic violence and sexual assault crimes. The VAWA created new punishments for these crimes and gave agencies helping victims more funding to improve their services. In 2000, the VAWA was re-authorized, meaning that Congress and the president agreed to renew the law. In addition to re-authorizing the law, stalking and dating violence were added to the list of crimes covered by the law. Also, more funding was added for legal aid programs for victims. If you’re a victim of abuse or violence at the hands of someone you know or love. Get immediate help and support. The National Domestic Violence Hotline can be reached 24 hours a day, 7 days a week at 800-799-SAFE. Conclusion everyday world could it be you, your roommate, your best friend or neighbor. if you’re a victim of abuse of violence at the hands of someone you know or love get immediate help and support. You’re not alone. The National Domestic Violence Hotline can be reached 24 hours a day, 7 days a week at 800-799-SAFE. Sometimes its hard and confusing to admit that you are in an abusive relationship or to find a way out. There are clear signs to help you know if you are being abused. If you person you love or live with does any of these things, it’s time to get help: * Monitors what you’re doing all the time * Criticizes you for little things * Constantly accuses you of being unfaithful Prevents or discourages you from seeing friends or family, or going to work or school * Gets angry when drinking alchol or uses drugs * Controls how you spend your money * Controls your use of needed medicines * Humiliates you in front of others * Destroys your property or things you care about * Threathens to hurt you, the children, or pets, or does hurt you (by hitting, beating, pushing , shoving, punching, slapping, kicking or biting) * Uses or threatens to use a weapon again st you * Forces you to have sex against your will * Blames you for his violent outbursts How to cite Domestic Violence Speech, Papers

Reflection Activity and Nursing Ethics

Questions: 1.How does your knowledge reflect your thoughts and feelings about mental Ilness? 2.How do these thoughts and feelings currently affect your attitude? 3.How do these thoughts and feelings affect your behaviour? 4.What will you hope to achieve in this course in regards to these reflections? 5.Did the DVD change anything for you personally or on a professional level? 6.In one sentence describe your thoughts and feelings about mental illness that you expressed in your refection Part A assignment? 7.Briefly describe your thoughts and feelings about mental illness now? 8.Discuss any differences now from your previous reflection? 9.Identify any changes you will make to your nursing practice as a result of your reflections? 10.Identify what nursing principles underpin the practice you intend? 11.Discuss how you expect these principles will be reflected in the way you deliver nursing care comparing these to the National Standards for Mental Health Nurses? 12.As a result of this course are you likely to pursue a career in mental Health? Explain why or why not? Answers: 1. Mentally ill people should not only be restricted to mental units but also, they should interact with other people. Even qualified nurses face the same challenge of fear I faced when watching the video part 1. But I believe a change of stigmatization and fear can be overcome through practicing reflection exercises in the hospital setting. These kinds of practices will enhance better understanding of mental sickness to students. Through these reflection exercises, students are aware of the impact of negative attitude, stigma and preconceived thoughts to the entire health care team and families. Furthermore, students are aware of the common errors nurses make while medicating mentally ill people. They need to be careful will observing the symptoms. 2. After watching part 1 of the documentary, I had sundry sentiments concerning this type of situation. First, I felt overwhelmed and excited as I expected to learn more about mental health illness, but I was also apprehensive because I thought the man would be dangerous to the life of others especially the child and wife. Due to these reasons, I was not sure about my feelings at last. What I have faith in is that I am an understanding individual who can nurse human beings by being helpful and non-judgmental. Currently, I can interact and engage with any patient, and my last placements have enabled me to gain relevant knowledge about caring for mentally ill patients. 3. When I was watching the video part 1, I became scared and felt uneasy by the way the man talked. I disregarded the nurses for treating the wrong disease. I never believed that I would feel as I did. I suffered from the sick feeling in my stomach. I was sweating because of fear. I started thinking about the kind of work I am about to start. I thought I had chosen a wrong career. I felt so judgmental about the ill man. However, currently, I feel upset because I was stigmatizing the man by allowing my perceived ideas to overhaul my nonjudgmental perceptions. I chose to discourse innermost fear with experienced nurses and comforted myself that I was normal to feel that way but recommended me to watch part 2 of the movie to understand my feelings fully. 4. I will be able to comprehend both the art of caring for people with a mental sickness and the science of mental health nursing. I have come to know that I have various strengths and weaknesses whereby I started with negative attitude limiting me to have positive medical placement. I believe there is need to change my attitude, belief and to feel about the ill man and the mental sickness. I have realized that I won't be student forever and I will soon start interacting with mentally ill people 5. From the movie, I have learned that mentally ill people are supposed to be treated and handled with respect, understanding, and empathy. More so, I have learned that their mental sickness should not judge clients. This video has reinforced me that as a nurse, I need to put my emphasis on the client regardless of my personal beliefs that I had before because the clients are living with mental health sickness. 6. At first, I thought that mentally sick people were scarily and dangerous and therefore they were supposed to be confined in a unit away from other people. 7. According to Casemore (2011), it is the goal of mental care professionals to make the patient become significant in the community as well as fulfill life through the provision of quality care. As such, Mosuro, Malcolm, and Guishard-Pine (2014) suggest that the condition of a patient after intervention should be better than ones initial state before therapy. In our daily activities, we tend to face issues that can develop stress and depression which predispose us to seek care and outside support for better recovery. However, the symptoms of depression are closely related to stress and as such nurses should be able to avoid stigmatizing patients in their professional practice. More so, nurses must be careful on examining symptoms to prevent mistreatment of a condition. Stigmatization leads to the labeling of individuals which in turn results in an inappropriate treatment. My first reflection expressed naivety and fear while taking care of patients with mental illness. I have realized that caring for the sick people is imperative as well as a duty I have to deliver to humanity. 8. My first reflection expressed naivety, fear, and stigmatization while taking care of the mentally ill person. I have come to learn the art of caring the sick people unlike in the previous reflection whereby I perceived mentally ill people as dangerous and risky to face. 9. One of the changes that I will show is to acquire self-awareness, interpersonal skills, and the ability to influence other nurses towards positive transformation while taking care of mentally challenged people. After the reflections, I would be able to be understanding of my predicament and augment this knowledge to real-life experiences during my practice. In addition to this benefit, I will be able to elaborate a conclusion and finally test the conclusion in the real practical situation(World Health Organization, 2011). Therefore, reflections help to transform a situation at hand characterized by disturbance, conflict, doubt and obscurity into a situation which is settled, clear, harmonious and coherent(Shanley Jubb-Shanley, 2012). 10.The following are the nursing principles that support ethical practices; Non-maleficence: This principle demands nurses to be competent in the field to avoid any cause of injury to the mentally ill patient(Parker Smith, 2015). Justice: All clients must not be subjected to stigma, and therefore they are supposed to be treated equally and fairly(Parker Smith, 2015). Fidelity: Nurses are needed to show their commitments based on the virtue of caring (Parker Smith, 2015). Beneficence: This principle demands nurses to have passion and act in a positive manner while helping others while following their desire to do good(Chiovitti, 2011). Integrity and totality state that entire patient needs to be considered while deciding which type of medication to offer. This practice reduces severe side effects to mentally sick people(Kelleher, 2014). Autonomy: The patient is given right of independence, self-determination, and capacity to self-direct and therefore they are allowed to decide what will happen to them while getting medications (Kayser, Cossette, Alderson, 2014). 11.The above principles can be practiced through following various health care standards. I am supposed to acknowledge cultural, value and belief diversities to ensure there in no stigmatization (Parker Smith, 2015). Moreover, through these principles, I will establish a successful partnership to support patients. I will give room for patients to express their decisions related to the medication. The principles will guide me to value the participation of other participating agencies in providing care that is holistic and based on evidence to ensure proper and comprehensive service to mentally ill people. Finally, these principles demand me to be fully qualified and demonstrate skills and knowledge while at the same time integrating all standards harmonically. 12.Yes, there is high chance to pursue a career in Mental Health because I will have developed a passion for providing support and care to the people facing mental challenges in the community. Furthermore, this career will offer me any opportunity to give inspiring hope, compassion, and teachings to mentally ill people on how they should overcome their situations. I would like working in an industry that I see the impact of my services to the community, and therefore, this profession will give me the right platform (Akhtar-Danesh et al., 2013). The greatest reward in life that I can get is through helping other people to overcome the current condition and improve their entire life. References Akhtar-Danesh, N., Baumann, A., Kolotylo, C., Lawlor, Y., Tompkins, C., Lee, R. (2013). Perceptions of professionalism among nursing faculty and nursing students. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 35(2), 24871. https://doi.org/10.1177/0193945911408623 Casemore, R. (2011). Person-Centred Counselling in a Nutshell. Counseling in a Nutshell series. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446288351 Chiovitti, R. F. (2011). Theory of protective empowering for balancing patient safety and choices. Nursing Ethics, 18(1), 88101. https://doi.org/10.1177/0969733010386169 Kayser, J. W., Cossette, S., Alderson, M. (2014). Autonomy-supportive intervention: An evolutionary concept analysis. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 70(6), 12541266. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.12292 Kelleher, J. P. (2014). Beneficence, justice, and health care. Kennedy Inst Ethics J, 24(1), 2749. https://doi.org/10.1353/ken.2014.0004 Mosuro, S., Malcolm, D., Guishard-Pine, J. (2014). Mental health awareness and coping in foster carers: The impact of a counselling skills intervention. Educational and Child Psychology. Parker, M. E., Smith, M. C. (2015). Nursing Theories and Nursing Practice. F. A. Davis Company, Philadelphia. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0703993104 Shanley, E., Jubb-Shanley, M. (2012). Coping focus counselling in mental health nursing. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 21(6), 504512. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1447-0349.2012.00817.x World Health Organization. (2011). Mental Health Atlas 2011. World Health Organization, 181. https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/aes067

Business and Admin free essay sample

Principles of personal responsibilities and working in a business environment Assessment You should use this file to complete your Assessment. †¢ The first thing you need to do is save a copy of this document, either onto your computer or a disk †¢ Then work through your Assessment, remembering to save your work regularly †¢ When you’ve finished, print out a copy to keep for reference †¢ Then, go to www. vision2learn. com and send your completed Assessment to your tutor via your My Study area – make sure it is clearly marked with your name, the course title and the Unit and Assessment number. Please note that this Assessment document has 8 pages and is made up of 7 Sections. Name: Damian Payne Section 1 – Know the employment rights and responsibilities of the employee and employer 1. Identify four main points that would be included in a contract of employment. If possible, use an example contract to support your answer (feel free to obscure any confidential information). We will write a custom essay sample on Business and Admin or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Place of work Contracted hours Date employment commenced Holiday entitlement a) List three key points of legislation that affect employers in a business environment. Data protection Employment rights and responsibilities Health and safety 2b) List three key points of legislation that affect employees in a business environment. Data protection Health and safety Food safety 3. Identify a range of places where a person can find information on employment rights and responsibilities. You should identify at least two internal and two external sources of information. Internal source Line manager HR manager External source Citizen’s advice Business link 4. Describe how representative bodies can support employees. A trade union rep can help employees in the work place with regards to problems with management, if there’s a problem in the work place you can seek help from a union rep to if management don’t take notice of the employee they can also be present at an employee tribunal problem. 5. Briefly describe employer and employee responsibilities for equality and diversity in a business environment. You should give at least two employer responsibilities and two employee responsibilities. The Responsibilities of Employers to work towards a culture of fairness for all employees and to have a workforce which is representative of the diversity within our local community which would ensure employment opportunities are open to all. The responsibilities of an employee are to treat people fairly, not to bully other members of staff or to victimise other staff members and to adhere to the companies rules for equality and diversity. . Briefly explain the benefits of making sure equality and diversity procedures are followed in a business environment. Your answer should include one benefit for the employer, one benefit for the employee and one benefit for the overall organisation. If equality and diversity are followed then the employer would benefit from competent staff with different perspectives and insight to which could produce more sales and there are laws in place for this so the co mpany could be fined if they don’t follow these. The staff would be more positive in their work place and motivated to do the work they are paid to do which would benefit the company as they would have a pleasant and enjoyable workplace Section 2 – Understand the purpose of health, safety and security procedures in a business environment 1. Identify employer and employee responsibilities for health, safety and security. If possible, provide relevant health, safety and security policies / documents from your workplace (or place of study) to support your answer. These documents should be annotated to highlight the relevant sections. Employers have a legal obligation to provide a safe and secure place of work I. E any machinery or equipment should be fit for purpose and any risk to health should be outlined for the employees to be able to look at and adhere to for security this could be something like the employees personal details these should be store in a safe and secure place and not distributed around the work place. Employees have a responsibility to be aware of the companies’ health and safety at work protocol to be able to use machinery and equipment for its proper use and not to misuse said items in compliance with the act 2. Explain the purpose of following health, safety and security procedures in a business environment. If health, safety and security procedures are followed in a work place then to start with all classified information would be in a secure place and not left lying around for everyone to read this is important as it could be something like an employee’s bank details. The safety aspect of the legislation covers things like machinery and equipment and other items meaning that everybody at that place of work if adhering to the legislation would not misuse said items and the items would last longer and not get damaged. The health side covers things like manual handling and could help a business reduce their amount of staff of sick on a yearly basis. 3. Describe three different ways of maintaining a safe and secure business environment. Keep confidential information on one computer that can only be log into by the correct person. Give your employee’s proper scheduled breaks so they are comfortable and rested throughout the day. Make sure staffs are trained properly for machinery they use. Section 3 – Understand how to communicate effectively with others 1. Complete the table below with descriptions of different methods of communication. You should include two verbal, two non-verbal and two written methods of communication. Methods of communication |Description | |Verbal communication |1. Telephone call to arrange a meeting | | | | | | | | |2. Face to face in a meeting environment two members may talk face | | |to face to deal with a problem | | | | | | | |Non-verbal communication |1. Eye contact/ Body movement you eye movement and body movement | | |give of a communication maybe you look unhappy this could be your | | |not happy with what that person maybe saying | | | | | | | | |2. Facial expression i. e. ngry or happy face give of vital | | |communications | | | | | | | |Written communication |1. Email you can use email letter to detail and order or invoice | | | | | | | | |2. Memo can be used to let a manager know of a meeting time and | | |place | | | | | | | 2. Using two specific examples, explain how to choose the most appropriate method of communication to meet your needs and the needs of others. If you had to explain something important to a colleague in another area the best way to do this would be a telephone conversation as it would save time back and forward like emails you could make sure when explaining it over the phone that they understand it and if they don’t they can ask you to explain more. If you wanted to let a customer know that there order has been dispatched the best way would be to email them this would be easy for you to do and most people that have ordered something would expect a dispatch email so they know when they might receive it 3. Describe at least two ways of actively listening. When you are Actively listening to someone you should be focused on them and not be distracted by thing that may be going on around you should also take notes during the conversation and ask questions if you feel you have missed something. Section 4 – Understand how to work with and support colleagues 1. Explain the purpose of agreeing standards for your own work. Give at least two reasons. If an employee doesn’t have standards of work or are unclear then it is difficult for them to know or how or when they should be doing it. The absence of standards makes it impossible for an employee to effectively monitor their own performance, if work standards don’t exist then things are open to personal interpretation and this can lead to conflicting views. If a colleague works to a lower standard than others this can affect the work of others. 2. Explain the purpose of taking on new challenges and being able to adapt to change at work. There are many reasons for a company to change this could be a new manager or adviser, requirements of staff or guests etc. For employees it is important to take on new challenges and adapt to changes because a company will never stay the same, Employees who can adapt and are willing to change are more valuable to a company the employees that resist change. An employee that wants to change will advance and build a better career those employees that don’t will more than likely be redundant in the future. 3. Explain the purpose of treating others with honesty and consideration. Been honest and considerate with other earns trust from them they can become more supportive to you which could help in the workplace and most workplaces can be busy if colleagues trust each other they are more likely to ask each other for help they are more likely to help you in your hour of need. If there was no trust and you was not considerate to other’s things could get delayed in the work place because people are less likely to offer help to you if you are dishonest and inconsiderate If everybody in a workplace was considerate and honest then there would fewer complaints and grievances in the work place the company would run smoother. Section 5 – Know how to plan own work and be accountable to others 1. Explain the purpose of meeting work standards and deadlines when completing tasks in a business environment. By meeting standards in a company clients would get their order on time production in the company would be optimal. Staff would be able to understand what is required of them on a daily basis. If a company is supplying another company with certain parts and work standards were to kept on track then these parts could be delayed which could mean the company losing the contract to supply which then would result in letting staff go and the company losing trade. A company is more efficient and staffs are happier if work standards are set correctly resulting in deadlines been meet and more work been offered. 2. Describe two different methods that you can use to plan your own work in a business environment. The most simple way to plan your work would be to do a simple to do list or if you need a more detailed method to complete your daily tasks you could use the S. M. A. R. T method which is a more in depth look at what you want to do. With S. M. A. R. T it is a more detailed resource and can be used for all kinds of projects you can set out specific goals for each task. By doing this if there are others they can see where you goals are heading and can see the tasks laid out. With the simple to do list this is a speedy less informative approach and you could end up missing something important. 3. Describe ways of keeping other people informed about progress and compare their effectiveness. What are the benefits and drawbacks of each approach? Conference calls – Benefits are more of a face to face approach, chance to get immediate feedback, can be done with relative speed, and can get the point across quicker. Drawbacks are everybody in call have to take time out to receive call, important data cannot be relayed, less informative approach. Emails – Benefits are relative speed, can be received at any time, can attach important info, and can be copied to others. Drawbacks are not always get an immediate response, time consuming for getting points across, Spreadsheet Benefits are more informative, diagrams can be shown, can be laid out for different departments. Drawbacks are very time consuming, no immediate response. While the above are examples you can compare between the three for speed and most effectiveness a conference call can be most helpful to other’s with a spread sheet this is the best for getting important information across but with a spreadsheet you would then possibly need to email to the other person. So it depends on relevance and time to advise others of progress and that is easy basic speed is done with a call in depth importance then it would be a spreadsheet Section 6 – Understand the purpose of improving own performance in a business environment and how to do so 1. Explain the purpose of continuously improving your performance in a business environment. The purpose of constantly improving my own performance at work is it can secure my job and prove to everyone around me that i am capable of more responsibilities. It is also to look towards the prospect of being promoted within the company 2. Describe at least two ways of improving your performance at work. Where relevant, illustrate your answer with specific examples from your own experience. Performance reviews also known as appraisals involve what you have done in the past and can give you an insight to improving yourself for the future. By applying your existing knowledge with learning you can improve yourself and thus learn from your mistakes. If you make a mistake this can help you improve in the future by listing these mistakes you can see where you went wrong you can then identify the problem and deal with this may mean learning yourself or contacting your manager for help. I personally am improving myself now I am unemployed and there not many jobs the I am capable of doing or maybe want do to so by improving myself with a new course it will open more doors in the employment market. 3. Briefly describe at least two different types of career pathways that may be available to you. By gaining an education in business and administration there are many career paths open to you.

John Smith

John Smith The fabled Pocahontas saved Captain John Smith from inevitable doom. The story of Pocahontas is included in "The General History,"‚  a series of accounts from John Smith, one of the first Jamestown settlers. He tells of the colony's original struggles, but also promotes permanent settlement in the Americas. Jamestown was settled in 1606 under supervision of President Wingfield. Smith goes on to tell how he eventually became a prominent member in the settlement hierarchy and took over leadership responsibilities. Captain Smith's efforts were lackluster as the company's rewards were anything but. He was awarded a set of islands that were "of barren rocks, the most overgrown with such shrubs and sharp whins you can hardly pass them."‚  The General History would become Smith's longest and most important work. In attempting to give "The General History"‚  of Jamestown, Smith reveals underlying attitudes towards the people involved in the expedition.John Smith has an i mmense loyalty to the Council.Titel page of A Description of New England of John...He feels a duty to extricate the company from being blamed for the misfortunes of Jamestown. ""‚ ¦What we should find, or want, or where we should be, we were all ignorant"‚ ¦"‚  (13) In order to protect the company Smith must lay blame on another. He chooses to lay blame on all parties onboard ship. No one knew what to expect, so if the mission were to fail, it was the settlers fault for not investigating the voyage before hand. ""‚ ¦What we could be thought fitting or necessary we had"‚ ¦"‚  (13) The Council had provide all supplies, food, etc. that the settlers believed they would need. By no means was anyone to think that they ran out of food because their original provisions were lacking. In defending the company, Smith uses many words such as "we,"‚  "where,"‚  "want,"‚  "were,"‚  etc. The alliterative...

HR Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

HR - Research Paper Example Daily functions include such things as providing advice to various levels of management and employees regarding company policies and procedures. Also included is acting as a liaison between employees and management (Human Resources Generalist Duties and Responsibilities 1). This is an area large in scope, and relies on the Generalist to be able to retain and recall information quickly and accurately. Since problems and questions are not often exactly duplicated, it requires ability to handle new situations based on similar issues that occurred in the past. A Human Resources Generalist performs other functions on a weekly basis. Examples of these items could be assisting with payroll processing and answering payroll related inquiries from employees or managers. Also, gathering unemployment paperwork for use in unemployment benefits hearings is another function often performed weekly depending on the size of the company (1). Other functions are performed on a monthly basis by the HR Generalist. Examples include assisting in providing counsel to employees with regards worker’s compensation, short-term disability, FMLA, and other employee leave issues. Maintaining company bulletin board postings for internal job openings, along with required legal and compliance issue postings is also critical. Recruitment strategies often need slightly revised on a monthly or semi-monthly basis. Too, monthly audits of HR files including I-9 forms are needed (1). Finally, some issues are performed yearly. Such items as these could be participation in job fairs; revisions and improvements in job descriptions; advising managers and employees on yearly employee benefit options; and holding benefits meetings and training (2). There are several areas that I would have strong interest in performing as an HR Generalist. A first such issue would be working as a liaison

Health Policy Analysis Memorandum Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Health Policy Analysis Memorandum - Term Paper Example This made is easier to develop a trend that would ensure older adults were well taken care off in the society. However, this was not achieved as the growth in the number of older adults became steady and significant in magnitude. The ageing population was hastily increasing as social services were jammed with numerous requests to provide care (Gavrilov & Heuveline, 2003). The authors are also of the assumption that the numbers of social workers available could not match the requests presented (Gavrilov & Heuveline, 2003). This is because an increase in the older adults caused a decrease in the working population. The health care system depended on the services of adults who were ageing. Their departure from health institution created a shortage. As the increase of the older population social services were in need of caregivers to cater for the rising number. Reid (2009) points out that the situation is forecasted to become worse as the number of number of health workers shortages is on the increase while the ageing population becomes greater. What mechanisms can be developed to curb this trend? Considering the significant growth of the older population, what measures is the National Bureau of Workforce Analysis putting in place to safeguard the efficiency and quality of the health care system? In the health care profession, practitioners tend to operate extensionally until retirement or retrenchment. For this reason, many practitioners are adults as the number of graduates in medical school is on the decrease. Practitioners introduced to the field are not enough to cater for all departments in the profession. From this trend, most health institutions tend to retain their adult practitioner thus limiting the introduction of young practitioners in the field. Moreover, retaining adult practitioners expose an organization to the risk of being exposed to shortages. Reid (2009) points out that if adult practitioners become of age, a practice is forced to look

Trade Secret Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Trade Secret Case Study - Essay Example Miller’s employer based on the law has the right to sue him and obtain an injunction because of exposing his clients’ information to other parties (Battersby & Grimes, 2013). This is evident in the manner Miller keeps clients’ files not indicating they are confidential. Therefore, Miller has no legal backing to either claim or sue anybody of intruding â€Å"his customers’ lists†. Since, he stole them from his former employer and it is unethical to use them in his second place of employment. Therefore, the court’s verdict in this case would hold Taborsky accountable for having infringed the sponsoring institution’s trade secret rights (Stim, 2010). This is because what he did was just an extension of what the institution sponsored and even utilized pricy resources to have the entire project come to a completion (Stim, 2010). Taborsky has infringed Florida Progress’ trade secrets by taking the entire research’s idea to advance what has caused the contracting party expensive resources. Taborsky’s claims do not have any backing evidence because if it were not for that research, he would not have an idea of making similar product (Stim, 2010). Based on the IP law, trade secrets belong to the corporation/company but not employees, contractors or investors who are contracting with the institution for a specified duration (Battersby & Grimes, 2013). Therefore, in ensuring patient list qualifies to be a trade secret the owner ought to have prepared a deal with the physicians before the commencement of their contract. This is concerning handling and keeping of patient lists and penalties involved suppose there was an infringement of trade secrets’ law (Battersby & Grimes, 2013). However, the Pollack’s case does not relay this but cites how he mobilized costly resources to compile patient list. Therefore, doctors in this case did not steal his trade secrets

Chemicals in Food Production and Preservation

Chemicals in Food Production and Preservation Contents Introduction..2 Definition2 Situation.3 Problems.4 Solutions.6 Evaluations..7 Conclusions..8 Bibliography.8 Introduction In the past, almost all households bought foods from a farm nearby or grew foods in their garden and ate these foods. They were called locavores, which indicated people who ate only locally grown food. When people had a high standard for living, they had also a high demand about eating what sort of foods such as specialties from another area. Therefore, transportation developed greatly to ship fresh ingredients all over the place and the producer tried to make their food look tastier, bigger fruits. Along to that situation, people produced a number of foods to ship, which caused residual foods. For instance, between the year 1950 and 2000, the population of the world doubled, moreover, meat consumption increased dramatically five times (Bittman, 2008)(1). As a result, they invented fast food, convenience foods, frozen foods, etc. by adding an amount of chemicals substances into foods. This paper will mention about several drawbacks of chemistry in food production and a number of solutions to the problems will be suggested before they are evaluated to choose the optimal one. Definition Chemicals already exist in foods. All foods consist of many type of chemicals which are naturally and include nutrients, for example, vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, protein, fibre, etc. that every healthy body definitely needs to absorb regularly. However, chemical substances created for adding into foods are very different from the natural one. According to European Food Safety Authority (2013)(2), â€Å"chemical substances†, are described as â€Å"food additives, flavorings, food packaging materials and containers such as bottles, cups and plates contain chemical substances like plastic, elements of which can migrate into food, chemicals can be used to fight diseases in farm animals or crops such as pesticides†. Each type has its own purpose in food production and preservation. Food standards agency (2012)(3) stated that â€Å"additives may be antioxidants (used in food prepared with fats or oils to protect them against deterioration caused by rancidity), preserv atives (used to keep food safe for longer), flavor enhancers (used to bring out the flavor of food without adding a flavor of their own), etc.† These chemicals used often in fast food, canned foods or junk foods with a fixed amount and must be first censored to ensure the safety for consumers. Situation When citizens in Viet Nam are getting busier than in times past, some of them choose to go to any grocery or fast-food restaurant, etc. to have immediately a quick meal just because of the convenience despite the fact that these foods do not include as much nutrients as fresh foods or home cook foods. This phenomenon means people absorb at least a fixed amount of chemicals into their bodies regularly day by day. Datamonitor (n.d.) (4), an international company providing market intelligence, claimed that the consumption of canned foods went up by 12, 9% for the year 2004 to the year 2009 in one-yearly interval. In a survey, Euromonitor International (2014)(5) claimed that the number of fast-food restaurants enjoyed the upward trend of approximately 16% each year such as KFC, Lotteria, Burger King, Subway, Jollibee, McDonalds†¦ According to that research, Lotteria came up with just over 160 restaurants and then KFC from United States was the most second popular with 140 restaurant s. Although Burger King just came into sight in the end of the year 2012, this brand at the present, own 20 restaurants at three cities namely Ho Chi Minh, Da Nang and Ha Noi (Euromonitor International, 2014)(5). However, most ingredients of these foods always imported to keep the same flavor as other restaurants from other countries. Therefore, food becomes big money, attracting more and more commercial interest from inside and outside the country and leads informally to a fierce competition between food business premises of Vietnam brand and foreign brand. Problems The issue of the usage chemicals in foods has led to several serious problems in Vietnam. Eating regularly fast foods, junk foods or convenience foods, etc. which are already throughout an assessment to ensure the safety for consumer still seriously damage people’s health. For instance, low nutritional value, the high fat, calorie and sodium content of these foods can lead to a variety of health problems such as weight gain, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular and all-causes mortality (Lee Media, n.d.)(6) Nevertheless, this is not the only trouble that inhabitants in Vietnam have to face and mostly concern about. One of the major drawbacks of using chemical on foods is the phenomenon of using overbold or unknown chemicals into foods which can be harmful the consumers. Any chemical can be toxic if people eat, drink, or absorb too much of it. Even water are able to cause the death if people drinking too much and too quickly. Paracelsus (1500) (7) wrote that â€Å"all substances are poisons; there is none which is not a poison. The right dose differentiates a poison from a remedy.† Firstly, most of food business premises in Vietnam are small-scale such as family business, normally, they have to fight over budgets and compete with other opponents in the market. Moreover, these businesses are spontaneous, many of them attach merely important to the turnover and do not have the knowledge about food business. It can be clearly seen from the pie chart that most of objects involved were just complete the education program at secondary school and the proportion in which account for just over a half of the total, 51,2% (Huong, n.d.). (8) Secondly, people are able to find easily several types of chemical substances to use in foods, which not mention yet that these chemicals permitted or not. Even the consumers want to have a healthy dish, they still have to struggle on the market to determine which fruits, meats or vegetables, etc. are safe, not spoiled foods and had been throughout a chemical treat. Indeed, in Q1/2012, Branch Management city market in collaboration with the Department of Health and Peoples Committees of districts strengthen the inspection and control of the sale and usage of chemicals, flavoring malicious. They found out a number of chemical substances in Kim Bien market are traded illegal such as borax, formalin, Rhodamine B, etc. as well as spices and unlabeled food additives. More specific, 49 cases of illegal chemicals business, volume 450 tons, including 2.8 tons of counterfeit and smuggled 28 tons (Anon., 2012) (9). To illustrate these types of chemicals, for instance, Rhodamine B is a chemical used to dye clothes, prohibited in food and medicine. Dr. Huong (2014)(10), chairman of medicine Vietnam confirmed: â€Å"If people eat melon seeds dye Rhodamine for longtime will cause liver failure, kidney disease and cancer† Because even if people wear clothes that are still residual dyes can lead to skin cancer for the wearer. Therefore, the dye Rhodamine B deliberate on melon seeds or any other food is not acceptable (Huong, 2014)(10). In the same list with Rhodamine B, formaldehyde used illegal into noodles, vermicelli by some business premises. The World Health Organization (WHO) and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) (2012)(11) has identified formaldehyde is unsafe if putting into foods, sauces and beverages because this industrial chemical contains a lot of other toxic such as arsenic, lead and can accumulate in the liver, harmful the brain. As a result, Bureau of Food Safety (2011)(12) stated that Vietnam is a country has the high proportion about food poisoning in which food poisoning due to chemicals represent 25% of the survey. Solution The problem about safety and hygiene has a great deal impact on many fields such as economy, social life and tourism also. Eating healthy dish every day is able to improve people’s health, enhance labor and contribute the development of the country. Therefore, having several solutions to tackle these troubles above is requisite. By approaching every single problem, the first two solutions in the list is aim to the sellers who attach specially on the incomes by imposing the high taxes with the clients who purchase industrial chemicals but do not demonstrate clearly the purpose. Moreover, Government can also help the situation by raising the fines with the objects violate the law then banning the right of them in food business. If violation the law signifies losing more money than not, these obstacles probably, disappear day by day. In addition, a phenomenon such as smuggling in Vietnam needs to be stop by strictly control the sale of chemical items used in foods and the importation of foods into this country. On the other hand, another measure is carrying out mass media information and education to improve the way the food producers are thinking. For instance, opening free classes and guiding the food producers, the sellers and the farmers, etc. how to achieve success in food business, so they are able to harvest fruits but do not poison the consumers at the same time. Evaluation So are any in these solutions effective? For the first three solutions mentioned above, one of the major obstacles is the corruption phenomenon. It means that people give money to whose control them and let they do whatever they want, violate the law to get more money. In addition, for the third measure, the situation of a huge number of business premises become harder to control strictly the violations though these three methods is not costly and seems easy to apply. However, for the last solutions, educate to impact on what they are thinking and toward to another way to success in food business. Although this methods is expensive and require an amount of time but the result is quite impressive. For instance, a survey was be made after a several interventions in Quang Binh province in 2012 (Huong, n.d.). (8) Looking at an overall perspective, there was a great deal in the change in knowledge, attitude and application into food business. More specifically, the number of each sector rose by approximately 40%. As the benefits of this strategy are far outweighed by the drawbacks and stands out from others. So, personally, I believe that the reasonable suggest should be carrying out mass media information and education. Conclusion In a word, artificial chemicals first appeared for the good purposes and already take place an important role in life and in many fields such as food productions and food preservatives. However, abusing to much or even using unknown chemicals engenders a number of reverse effects on people’s health. For who works in the food business, as individuals and as a society, having a good vision at every single action is a necessary thing because there is none of a solution to eradicate such problems if people are unconscious. Bibliography (1)Bittman, M., 2008. Whats weong with what we eat. [Online] Available at: http://www.ted.com/talks/mark_bittman_on_what_s_wrong_with_what_we_eat/transcript [Accessed 2 December 2014]. (2)European Food Safety Authority , 2013. efsa. [Online] Available at: http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/faqs/faqchemicalsinfood.htm [Accessed 31 October 2014]. (3)Food standars agency, 2012. Chemicals in food: safety controls. [Online] Available at: https://www.gov.uk/chemicals-in-food-safety-controls [Accessed 31 November 2014]. (4)Datamonitor, n.d. Thuc pham dong hop dung truoc co hoi lon. [Online] Available at: http://trungtamnghiencuuthucpham.vn/thuc-pham-dong-hop-dung-truoc-co-hoi-lon/ [Accessed 1 November 2014]. (5)Euromonitor International, 2014. Thi truong thuc an nhanh Viet Nam: The gioi tran vao, doanh nghiep noi lai tho o. [Online] Available at: http://www.tapchitaichinh.vn/Thi-truong-Gia-ca/Thi-truong-thuc-an-nhanh-Viet-Nam-The-gioi-tran-vao-doanh-nghiep-noi-lai-tho-o/52173.tctc [Accessed 2 November 2014]. (6)Lee, M. Media, D., n.d. Statistics of health risks from eating fast food. [Online] Available at: http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/statistics-health-risks-eating-fast-food-3290.html [Accessed 20 November 2014]. (7)Paracelsus, 2012. All in the dose. [Online] Available at: http://sciencelearn.org.nz/Contexts/Toxins/Science-Ideas-and-Concepts/All-in-the-dose [Accessed 12 November 2014]. (8)Huong, N.T., n.d. [Online] Available at: https://www.google.com/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource=webcd=2cad=rjauact=8ved=0CCEQFjABurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nutrition.org.vn%2FFileUpload%2FDocuments%2FLUAN%2520AN%2520Nguyen%2520Thanh%2520Huong-27-8.docei=CXScVIDMJOW_mwWjooG4Cgusg=AFQjCNE2jtxs_AQ [Accessed 20 November 2014]. (9)Anon., 2012. Bao dong nan kinh doanh hoa chat doc hai tran lan. [Online] Available at: http://vef.vn/2012-08-18-bao-dong-nan-kinh-doanh-hoa-chat-doc-hai-tran-lan- [Accessed 15 November 2014]. (10)Huong, N.X., 2014. Hat dua nhuom Rhodamine B cuc doc hai. [Online] Available at: http://www.tin247.com/hat_dua_nhuom_rhodamine_b_cuc_doc_hai-10-22754358.html [Accessed 16 December 2014]. (11)World Health Organization (WHO) and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) , 2012. Formol va suc khoe con nguoi. [Online] Available at: http://bacsytructuyen.com/diendan/baiviet/7414-formol-suc-khoe-con-nguoi/ [Accessed 15 December 2014]. (12)Bureau of Food Safety, 2012. chuong trinh muc tieu quoc gia. [Online] Available at: http://www.chinhphu.vn/portal/page/portal/chinhphu/noidungchuongtrinhmuctieuquocgia?_piref135_18249_135_18248_18248.strutsAction=ViewDetailAction.do_piref135_18249_135_18248_18248.docid=348_piref135_18249_135_18248_18248.substract= [Accessed 16 December 2014]. Huynh Ngoc Bich Diep 1

Research Methods Essay -- Quantitative Method, Qualitative Method

Quantitative and Qualitative are said to be systematic in different design. Both design have to follow a process system that involved defining a principle of research. General speaking, quantitative research is thought to be objective, however qualitative research often involves a subjective element. There are differences designs in qualitative research in comparison to quantitative research. Qualitative research involves words, pictures, or objects; Quantitative involves data in the form of numbers and statistics. However, the researcher uses in-depth interviews in qualitative research to find out how the subjects view their world. In quantitative research the researcher uses precise measurement to predict hypotheses. Whereas, qualitative research the researcher changes the environment of the subject and uses these in-depth questionnaires to find differing attitudes about the world we research live in. Similarly, quantitative can be personal, such as in the periodic visits with the researchers to analysis symptoms and record data. Qualitative and Quantitative can overlap each other, for example, in the in-dept interview process in quantitative research to record data and test subjects for symptoms. They can overlap but conclusively differences such numerical data collection and statistics that will always be at odds. Qualitative and Quantitative design have many advantage and disadvantage. There are different designs that allow researches to draw different kinds of conclusions and Interpretations. For example Qualitative research can be critical. Qualitative data are extremely varied in nature. For Example, Quantitative focuses on tightly controlled variables in a structured setting to provide an explanation of la... ...earch checks reliability and validity in the form of prolonged treatment, triangulation, and persistent observation. For Example, Quantitative in Nonexperimental research involves observing and measuring things as they are. Naturalistic observation, interview, survey, case history, and psychometric scales are some of the methods used when it is not possible or unethical to manipulate an independent variable. Nonexperimental research is used to provide solutions to problems. Nonexperimental research can add to what we know by common sense because we can test our beliefs to see how true they are. Both methods also have ways of sampling. Random sampling is preferred in quantitative research. This allows the researcher to pick a representation of a larger group and the results can be generalized to the larger group. In qualitative research, sampling is not random.